Amphi-SPEAR Aquaculture

A synergistic blend of natural essential oils designed to support aquatic animal health and water quality; providing antimicrobial, immune enhancing, growth promoting and stress-relieving effects for fish and shrimp farms

The Botanical Power for Aquatic Protection, Growth and Health

Medicinal plants as natural and environmentally friendly ways to enhance fish health and manage diseases

• Aquaculture is the farming of fish and aquatic plants as a crop that contributes to meeting global needs for seafood while also presenting an attractive alternative in response to overfishing. 

• Botanicals were being used more and more in aquaculture to promote fish health as well as for disease prevention. Similarly, some plants with well documented broad-spectrum antimicrobial, immunomodulatory activity, and antioxidant properties. These can be advantageous as supplements in fish feed to stimulate the immune function of fish. 

• Plant extracts may exert positive effects on animal health through different modes rather than relying solely on a single mode. Using herbs as dietary additives has been shown to enhance immunity defense mechanisms. 

• Recently, botanical treatments have been incorporated into aquaculture, resulting in increased growth rates and disease resistance, thus giving rise to more sustainable practices.

• They can be incorporated with sustainable approaches, such as the aquaponics system, and possibly remain organic accredited, all while decreasing chemical residue on food products and sustaining environmental wellness. These emerging botanical approaches promise environmentally sustainable strategies for disease management in aquaculture, supporting the consumer shift to demand safe and sustainably produced seafood. 

• The advantages that botanical treatments offer indicate them as essential tools for the development of a sustainable and eco-friendly aquaculture industry

Reference: 

Utilizing Medicinal Plants for Disease Treatment in Aquaculture: An Approach to Improve Fish Health. M A R K H O R (THE JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY). Volume 5, Issue 3 (July-Sep 2024)  

Plant-based techniques in aquaculture provide a unique and sustainable way to improve fish health, improve productivity, and reduce environmental impact

• Aquaculture, when combined with plant-based techniques, provides a unique and sustainable way to improve fish health, improve productivity, and reduce environmental impact. Research continues to show the therapeutic potential of plants was effective in the removal of pollutants and chemical stressors that clean up aquatic ecosystems, improving their overall health. Whether in salmon farming in Europe, or tilapia farming in Africa, these techniques continue to offer benefits such as increased disease resistance, improved growth, and reduced reliance on antibiotics. 

• Aquaculture practices incorporating plant-derived products were more sustainable and resilient disease control strategies. As research expands and practices that can support the profession evolve, phyto-therapy was poised to reshape the future of aquaculture worldwide.

Reference: 

Utilizing Medicinal Plants for Disease Treatment in Aquaculture: An Approach to Improve Fish Health. M A R K H O R (THE JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY). Volume 5, Issue 3 (July-Sep 2024)  

Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture

Growth-promoting, antibacterial, and immuno-stimulant effects of essential oils (aetheroleum) as well as analgesic, adaptogen, and astringent properties for fish species

• Essential oils, also known as aetheroleum, have a variety of therapeutic properties, including analgesic, adaptogen, and astringents, among others. 

• Essential oils have potential growth-promoting, antibacterial, and immuno-stimulant effects for several fish species. 

• Furthermore, they potentiate the anti-oxidative capacity and the resistance of aquatic animals against infectious diseases.

Farming stressors and their impact on growth performance, productivity, and mortality rates in aquaculture

• The aquaculture sector is one of the main activities contributing to food security for humanity around the globe. However, aquatic animals are susceptible to several farming stressors involved in deteriorated growth performance, reduced productivity, and eventually high mortality rates. 

• Intensive and super-intensive farming practices induce stress to the aquatic animals, thereby increasing the possibility of infection with pathogenic invaders

Negative impacts of antibiotics and chemotherapies on aquatic animals 

• In some countries still, antibiotics and chemotherapies are comprehensively applied to control biotic stressors. Aside from the apparent benefits, the continuous usage of antibiotics develops bacterial resistance, deteriorates bacterial populations, and accumulates these compounds in the aquatic environment.

• Synthetic antibiotics and chemotherapies are commonly used to relieve the negative impacts of infection, and enhance the immunological response and overall well-being of aquatic animals. The continuous application of antibiotics has resulted in several negative impacts on aquatic animals (e.g., bacterial resistance developed against antibiotics, suppressed host immunity, imbalance of microbial populations, and hazardous environmental features)

Reference: 

Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review. Animals 2022, 12, 823.

Importance of medicinal herbs and extracts, especially essential oils, as environmentally friendly alternative additives 

• Alternatively, environmentally friendly additives were used to avoid the direct and indirect impacts on the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In aquaculture, medicinal herbs and extracts are extensively used and approved for their growth-promoting, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. 

• Herbal essential oils contain many bioactive components with powerful antibacterial, antioxidative, and immunostimulant potentials, suggesting their application for aquatic animals. Essential oils can be provided via diet and can benefit aquatic animals by improving their well-being and health status. 

• The use of essential oils in aquafeed has been studied in a variety of aquatic animals to determine their beneficial roles and optimum doses. The outputs illustrated that herbal essential oils are exciting alternatives to antibiotics with prominent growth promotion, antioxidative, and immunostimulant roles.

  Reference: 

  Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review. Animals 2022, 12, 823.

  Reference: 

  Chemistry, bioactivities, mode of action and industrial applications of essential oils. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 18 April 2020

Actions and Benefits of Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture

Actions and beneficial effects of herbal essential oils (EOs) on fish health and performance 

1. Medicinal herbs, also known as phytobiotics, and the essence and oil derivatives of these plants, play significant roles as appetite enhancers, growth promoters, and immuno-stimulators for aquatic animals. 

2. Essential oils (EOs) have gained special focus as natural antioxidant and immuno-stimulant agents. 

3. The chemical structural compound of EOs is resistant to gastric acid, ensuring its efficacy and effect. 

4. Furthermore, these volatile oils enhance palatability and regulate appetite control genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary glands of fish. 

5. EOs show a strong antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria by impairing their activity and damaging the bacterial cell walls. Then, beneficial bacteria play influential roles in food digestion mediated by the secretion of digestive enzymes, along with improved local intestinal immunity and high resistance to the challenged pathogens. 

6. In addition, EOs enhance the permeability of intestinal barriers and increase intestinal nutrient absorption. 

7. The immune system-boosting effects of EOs are attributed to the increase in intestinal immunity. The balanced intestinal microbiota (increased abundance of beneficial microorganisms and decreased abundance of pathogenic microorganisms), the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria’s adhesion sites, and the modification of the intestinal pH are the primary actions of EOs to relieve the pathogenic effects of bacteria on aquatic animals. In fish challenged with pathogenic bacteria, EOs have been shown to improve the survival rate of many species. 

8. Further, Eos contain high concentrations of polyphenols and natural antioxidants that remove the free radicals that cause lipid peroxidation and immune cell damage.

Reference: 

Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review. Animals 2022, 12, 823.

Natural Sources of Essential Oils

• Essential oils (EOs) are a lipophilic mixture of organic compounds from the secondary metabolism of aromatic plants, which mostly are limpid liquid (colorless) with an obvious fragrance.

Menthol (mint camphor)

• Primary component (70–90%) in peppermint (Mentha piperita) and cornmint (Mentha arvensis) EOs. It promotes growth and has antimicrobial potential, though specific aquaculture studies are limited in the review. Noted for its role in EO blends for overall health enhancement, with potential to reduce stress and improve feed palatability.

• Actions:

1. Promotes growth indices and feed utilization 

2. Increases antioxidative capacity

3. Enhanced Immune response, anti-inflammatory, and pro-inflammatory related genes

4. Increased resistance against chlorpyrifos toxicity

Carvacol 

• Carvacol is a major phenolic monoterpenoid in oregano EO (Origanum vulgare). It improves growth performance, feed efficiency, and gut health by modulating microbiota (reducing pathogens like Vibrio spp. and promoting beneficial bacteria like Propionibacterium). Antioxidant effects include elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels. Immune benefits: increased lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and lymphocyte proliferation. Example: Encapsulated oregano oil (7.5% carvacrol) boosted Nile tilapia growth by 15–20% and reduced oxidative stress.

•  Carvacrol exhibits a distinct set of biological activities including antioxidant,
  antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties
  • Actions:
  • Increased feed efficiency, lysozyme, total complement concentrations, and CAT
  • Reduced MDA, total anaerobe counts, and Lactobacillus loads

Reference:
Adapted from “Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review”.
Animals 2022, 12, 823.

Thymol (from Thyme Oil)

• Thymol is an isomer of carvacrol in thyme EO (Thymus vulgaris). It exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila and enhances intestinal morphology (e.g., villus height in rainbow trout). In blends, it synergizes with carvacrol for better nutrient utilization and immunity (e.g., higher IgM levels).

Cineol/Eucalyptol (from Eucalyptus Oil)

• • Main compound (up to 80%) in eucalyptus EO (Eucalyptus spp.). It contributes to antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in multi-EO formulations. Present in varying amounts in other plants (e.g., rosemary, tea tree). The review notes its role in broad-spectrum pathogen control, though direct fish studies are emerging.
    

Reference: 

Adapted from “Exploring the Roles of Dietary Herbal Essential Oils in Aquaculture: A Review”. Animals 2022, 12, 823.

Pharmacological actions of rosemary oil as a phytogenic in aquafeeds 

• Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis, oil contains various active components such as 1,8-cineole, carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmarinicacid, β- and α- inene, camphor and camphene. It has been used as a phytogenic in aquafeeds because of its antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties

Reference: 

The Efficacy of Rosemary Oil and Microencapsulated Essential Oils on Zeuxapta seriolae Mitigationin Yellow tailKing fish, Seriola lalandi. Aquaculture Research. Volume 2025, Article ID 1609121, 9 pages

Important Essential Oils Used in Aquaculture

• Menthol (Peppermint Oil) and Menthol Crystals

• Carvacrol (Oregano Oil) and Thymol (Thyme Oil)

• Cineol (Eucalyptus Oil)

• Camphor (Rosemary Oil)

1- Benefits of Menthol (Peppermint Oil) and Menthol Crystals for Aquatic Animals 

Farming stressors and their effects on growth and health performances 

• Nile tilapia (Oreochromis tilapia) is originally grown in Africa and becomes one of the leading farmed finish species globally for its reasonable nature as a candidate for intensive systems. 

• However, fish are expected to suffer from farming stressors devoted to intensive conditions such as low dissolved oxygen, high levels of accumulated ammonia, and low feed intake resulting in low growth and health performances. Therefore, it must be considered to find practical strategies involved in sustaining the productivity of tilapia reared in intensive systems.

Reference: 

Menthol essential oil is a practical choice for intensifying the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on the growth and health performances. j.aquaculture.2021.

Menthol benefits and actions in aqua feed

• Several forms of medicinal herbs were incorporated in feeds, including powdered or essential oils (EO) as feed or water supplements. 

• Menthol is a naturally occurring monocyclic terpene found in the oil of the mint tree, Mentha arvensis.

1. Menthol essential oil has many active pharmaceuticals such as menthone, isomenthone, vitamin C, and monoterpene ketones that effectively enhance the palatability of feed, immunity, and antioxidative responses. 

2. Recently, the inclusion of menthol EO in Nile tilapia diets resulted in enhanced growth performance and health status. Further, menthol EO activated the immunity of fish to cope with the impacts of infectious, waterborne toxins, and ammonia accumulation. 

3. Menthol EO also has antioxidative capacity against oxidative stress induced by unstable rearing conditions due to the abundant content of polyphenols and natural antioxidative derivatives. 

4. Besides, menthol EO is known for the content of attractive fragrances that have a refreshment effect and can enhance the quality of fish's respiration and balance in the rearing water.

5. Consequently, it can be hypothesized that including menthol EOs in Nile tilapia diets could potentiate fish resistance against stressors and influences induced by intensive farming conditions.

6. Under intensive conditions, dietary menthol EO increased the growth performance and feed utilization of Nile tilapia. Further, Nile tilapia fed dietary menthol EO in intensive conditions had well-regulated liver and kidney functions with normal blood biochemical metabolite levels. Besides, dietary menthol EO enhanced the antioxidative capacity in LD, MD, and HD conditions, referring to high immune status and well-being.

Reference: 

Menthol essential oil is a practical choice for intensifying the production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on the growth and health performances. j.aquaculture.2021.

2- Benefits of Carvacrol (Oregano Oil) and Thymol (Thyme Oil) for Aquatic Animals 

Hazards of chemical agents used in aquaculture on health and environment

• Antibiotics and chemical agents, including chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, co-trimoxazole, sulphadiazine, sulphamethoxazole, and amoxicillin, are often employed for the treatment of diseases in aquaculture. However, their extensive use has led to issues, including potential environmental and health hazards.

• Among the many fish species cultivated for human consumption, Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) is second to none in terms of output. Among its many admirable qualities are its rapid expansion, low production costs, market demand, and resilience in the face of extreme environmental stress. 

• These traits make it an excellent choice for aquaculture systems that involve intense and super-intensive practices. However, tilapia are subject to stress factors like overcrowding, low dissolved oxygen, ammonia buildup, and poor water quality when farmed intensively. Injury, disease transmission, and poor health are more likely in such settings. 

• This commercially essential species has an impressive tolerance to stress, but it could benefit from techniques that increase its productivity and resistance to infection.

Importance of herbal supplements and extracts as alternatives

• Studies have shown that herbal supplements and extracts enhance growth, antioxidant defenses, and immune function in aquatic animals. Multiple studies have highlighted the ability of herbal extracts to improve immune responses and resilience against environmental stress.

Carvacrol and thymol benefits and actions in aqua feed

• Essential oils exhibit diverse biological functions owing to the natural volatile molecules that plants create. The chemicals carvacrol and thymol, found in abundance in oregano essential oil (OEO) produced from Origanum vulgare L., are recognized for their ability to promote development, fortify the immunological status, reduce inflammation, and kill bacteria.

• Research has demonstrated that common carp (Cyprinus carpio), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) benefit economically and physiologically from including OEO in their diets.

Reference: 

The beneficial impact of oregano essential oil supplementation on growth, physiological function, antioxidant activity, and immune response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings under Aeromonas hydrophila stress. Open Veterinary Journal, (2025), Vol. 15(3): 1424-1439

Effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) on growth performance of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)  

• Studies showed that Nile tilapia fed OEO supplemented diets experienced substantial improvements in final body weight, feed intake, weight increase, ADG, and final fish biomass.

Effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) on hematological parameters of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)  

• Studies showed that Nile tilapia fed OEO supplemented diets experienced markedly elevated levels of RBC, Hb, PCV, and MCV.

• The differential leukocyte count (WBCs) and lymphocytes significantly increased.

Effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) on Biochemical parameters of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)  

• Oregano treatment significantly decreased AST and ALT levels.

• Albumin, total protein, and globulin levels increased dramatically.

• Oregano-fed fish had considerably lower creatinine levels.

Effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) on Immunological and antioxidant parameters of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)  

• OEO fed tilapia fish showed a substantial improvement in immunological indicators, such as phagocytic index, PA, and lysozyme activity.

• The antioxidant analysis demonstrated that oregano treatment markedly elevated CAT, SOD, and GPx levels. Oregano fed animals had lower MDA activity, indicating reduced lipid peroxidation.

Overall beneficial effects of oregano essential oil fed to Nile tilapia (O. niloticus)  

• Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings fed OEO had better growth rates, physiological responses, and pathogen resistance; all of which are important in modern intensive aquaculture. 

• OEO, when incorporated in Nile tilapia diets, effectively reduces the stress caused by Aeromonas hydrophila and improves immunological markers in fish exposed to pathogens, making it a viable alternative to antibiotics. 

• Because of the increased rate of growth, OEO should be added to fingerling Nile tilapia diets.
  
  Reference: 

  The beneficial impact of oregano essential oil supplementation on growth, physiological function, antioxidant activity, and immune response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings under Aeromonas hydrophila stress. Open Veterinary Journal, (2025), Vol. 15(3): 1424-1439

  Antiparasitic activities of thymol and carvacrol 

  • Thymol and carvacrol represent 80% of the bioactive molecules identified in oregano. They have a wide range of functional properties, including antiparasitic activities in fish. Similar to oregano, thyme produces oil that is rich in thymol and carvacrol as well as flavonoid aglycones and flavonoid glycosides. 

  • Thyme oil has been shown to have parasiticidal effect when tested in vitro and in vivo in rainbow rout, Oncorhynchusmykiss, as treatment against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. There was a significant reduction (78%) in Sparicotyl echrysophrii abundance in gilthead seabream, Sparusaurata, when treated with a microencapsulated essential oil.

  • The use of such additives by oral administration, either individually or synergistically, has not yet been studied in YTK.

   

Reference: 

The Efficacy of Rosemary Oil and Microencapsulated Essential Oils on Zeuxapta seriolae Mitigationin Yellow tailKing fish, Seriola lalandi. Aquaculture Research. Volume 2025, Article ID 1609121, 9 pages

3- Benefits of Cineol (Eucalyptus Oil) for Aquatic Animals 

Medicinal plants as suitable alternatives to antibiotics 

• Medicinal plants are considered suitable alternatives to antibiotics because they are cheap or profitable, ecological and natural, which is why they are extensively used for aquaculture production

• Eucalyptus globulus is known to be one of the medicinal plants that could be used as additives in animal feed

Actions of E. globulus and its value in aquaculture

• E. globulus is cultivated globally due to its important characteristics. Some of these characteristics include the ability of extracts from the leaves to serve as antioxidants and antimicrobials as well as insecticides.

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an important aquaculture species and its role in global food security

• Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a good aquaculture species due to its ability to tolerate low oxygen levels, strong fertility as well as fast growth. O. niloticus has played a significant role in global food security

Effects of E. globulus on growth performance and feed utilization

• The potential of aquaculture feeds is predicted using growth performance and feed conversion ratio. The best growth performance and feed conversion ratio was observed in fish fed diet supplemented with E. globulus. This implies E. globulus in diets of O. niloticus could stimulate gut secretions hence improving the synthesis of protein resulting in higher growth performance. Also, the best growth performance recorded was the group fed E. globulus, which can also be attributed to improved feed utilization. In addition, the best performance observed in fish fed E. globulus could be a result of improved digestion and absorption of feed due to stimulated secretion of protease in the intestine of O. niloticus.
  

Reference: 

EFFECTS OF EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS LEAF EXTRACT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, FEED UTILIZATION AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS LINNAEUS, 1758). Veterinaria Vol. 71, Issue 2. 2022

Effects of E. globulus on hematological parameters

• A significant increase in white blood cells was observed in fish fed diet supplemented with E. globulus. White blood cells play important roles in nonspecific immune response since they play crucial role in cellular immunity as well as disease response. Specifically, WBC protects fish and other organisms from infections caused by chemical factors and microbes

• Also, fish fed E. globulus extract recorded higher values of red blood cells

Effects of E. globulus on blood biochemical properties

• Total protein (TP) has been used as an indicator of metabolism of protein and innate immune function. Total protein (TP) increases as E. globulus extract increased in diets.

Summary of beneficial effects of E. globulus administration in Nile tilapia feed

• E. globulus promotes growth performance, feed utilization and increases the main hematological and biochemical parameters of O. niloticus fish.

Reference: 

EFFECTS OF EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS LEAF EXTRACT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, FEED UTILIZATION AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS LINNAEUS, 1758). Veterinaria Vol. 71, Issue 2. 2022

E. globulus 

4- Benefits of Camphor (Rosemary Oil) for Aquatic Animals 

The world tilapia aquaculture production and possible high mortality and serious economic losses due to bacterial and fungal infections

• In this era, the world capture fisheries alone can no longer sustain the need of fish protein for the increasing world’s population. Due to its nature of rapid growth, large size and palatability, tilapia is the focus of major aquaculture efforts. The world tilapia aquaculture production doubled between 1986 and 1992, and this is followed by Chinese carps and salmonids in total

• farm production. Furthermore, tilapia is a good candidate for culture due to the fact that it can tolerate, grow, and even reproduce in saline waters, although this will not happen in a very high saline condition. The value of farmed tilapia has also witnessed a great increase during the past two decades, going from US$ 154 million in 1984 to US$ 1800.7 million in 2002.

• However, diseases such as from bacteria and fungi that infect this species may lead to mortality which causes serious economic losses.

• Under stress conditions (including poor water quality and high density of fish), tilapia can easily be infected by several opportunistic pathogens belonging to Streptococcus, Enterocuccus, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Flexibacter and Edwarsiella.

Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial actions of camphor oil

• Oil extract of camphor tree using different species of camphor has been proven in experiment to have strong effects on the growth inhibition of fungi. As for antibacterial, one of many chemical compound found in camphor oil which is cinnamaldehyde, is very effective in inhibiting the growth of bacteria

• The addition of C. camphora with feed, showed significant effect in increasing the immune response and resistance of tilapia against virulent bacteria, including A. hydrophila. 

Reference: 

Study on the antibacterial and antifungal effects of camphor oil; Cinnamomum camphora with emphasis on the control of overpopulation of tilapia. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2015; 2(5): 337-340

Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture

A synergistic blend of natural essential oils designed to support aquatic animal health and water quality; providing antimicrobial, immune enhancing, growth promoting and stress-relieving effects for fish and shrimp farms

INGREDIENTS

Each 1 liter contains:

• Carvacrol (Oregano Oil): 20 g  

• Thymol (Thyme Oil): 10 g  

• Menthol (Peppermint Oil): 30 g  

• Menthol Crystals: 30 g  

• Cineol (Eucalyptus Oil): 100 g  

• Camphor (Rosemary Oil): 30 g  

• Tween 80: 100 g  

• Deionized Water: up to 1000 ml.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture is a  synergistic blend of natural essential oils designed to support aquatic animal health and water quality; providing antimicrobial, immune enhancing, growth promoting and stress-relieving effects for fish and shrimp farms.

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture combines oregano, thyme, peppermint, eucalyptus, rosemary oils, and menthol crystals, stabilized with Tween 80 for uniform dispersion in water.

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture is characterized by being:

• 100% natural essential oil formulation.  

• Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity without antibiotic residues.  

• Safe for continuous use in aquaculture systems.  

• Easy dispersion in water due to Tween 80 stabilizer.  

• Supports eco-friendly and sustainable aquaculture practices.

PRODUCT BENEFITS

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture provides an antimicrobial action against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and protozoa in aquaculture systems.  

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture enhances innate immunity and disease resistance in fish and shrimp.  

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture improves gill function and oxygen uptake in fish owing to its inclusion of cineol and menthol.  

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture helps reduce handling and environmental stress due to the inclusion of camphor and peppermint oil.  

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture helps growth promotion by improving feed intake, digestion, and overall performance.  

• Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture improves water quality by reducing microbial load and biofilm formation in tanks and ponds.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

In water (pond/tank application):  

• 100–150 mL per 1000 L of water, applied directly.  

In feed (via top-dressing):  

• 1–2 mL per kg of feed, mixed thoroughly before feeding.  

Prophylactic use:  

• Weekly application at maintenance dose to prevent disease outbreaks.  

During disease challenge or stress:  

• Double the recommended dose for 3–5 days.  

N.B. Dosage may vary depending on species, age, stocking density, and environmental conditions. Always consult a nutritionist or veterinarian before use.

Storage

• Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.  

• Keep container tightly closed to prevent volatilization of oils.  

• Shelf life: 24 months from date of manufacture under recommended conditions.  

• Keep out of reach of children and unauthorized personnel.  

Amphi-SPEAR aquaculture

A synergistic blend of natural essential oils designed to support aquatic animal health and water quality; providing antimicrobial, immune enhancing, growth promoting and stress-relieving effects for fish and shrimp farms

The Botanical Power for Aquatic Protection, Growth and Health

American Pharmaceutical Innovations Company®